Hobbes suggests that the persistence of a vision after the eyes have been closed indicates that the ocular sensory apparatus is still in motion; this motion is no longer immediate sensation, but imagination.
Fear stems from ignorance of causes and that religions have been invented to posit causal forces in an effort to dispel fear.
Thomas Hobbes在《利维坦》中认为宇宙最初产生动力是源自一种Prime Mover，且来源不可知。真的是万法同归，16世纪哲学家就能根据对自然的观察通过哲学思辨推演出Big Bang存在的合理性。
所以在科学盛行的当代不可知论更容易逻辑自洽，因为Prime Mover是谁，或是什么，都永远未知。
There are two types of persons, natural and artificial. A “natural person” is one whose words are his or her own. An “artificial person” is one whose words are those of someone else.
The contract becomes a representative of the natural people, encompassing and joining their identities; the multitude of natural persons, all authors, condense their wills into the single representation and, in so doing, the multitude becomes unified.
The contract, symbolizing social unity, is an artificial person, and with this equation Hobbes launches the powerful iconography of the Leviathan-
为了祭出这张图，Hobbes花了整整16章探讨自然规则和人性，最后引出natural person和artificial person的概念，将artificial person定义为自然人之间为了和平和生存构建的契约集合，即利维坦。结果penguin这一版直接把图放到封面上，赤裸裸的剧透啊！！第16章再看到完全没有震撼了
Leviathan利维坦一词源自希伯来语liwyāṯān，原意是深海巨兽，在圣经中多次出现，象征鲸鱼，鳄鱼和魔鬼。
17世纪该词被Thomas Hobbes征用，焕发第二春，被用来形容具有强大中央权力的非民主国家。Hobbes基于对人性观察认为只有集权国家通过放大恐惧和刑罚才能抑制人类的战争本性。